python的MySQLdb模块 连接 mysql 错误 Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock'

Q & A:

今天在使用python直接链接数据库时报错 _mysql_exceptions.OperationalError: (2002, "Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock' (2)")

代码:

db = MySQLdb.connect(host='localhost',
                     port=3306,
                     user='root',
                     passwd='root',
                     db='mydb')

错误:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "./data_db.py", line 5, in < module>
    db='mydb')
  File "/usr/local/env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/MySQLdb/__init__.py", line 81, in Connect
  File "/usr/local/env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/MySQLdb/connections.py", line 187, in __init__
_mysql_exceptions.OperationalError: (2002, "Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock' (2)")

原因:

从网上查找原因找到如下描述:

因为我们连接mysql的时候,host用的是localhost, 实际用的是UNIX Domain Socket(具体见参考文献(1))来进行通信的。

我们知道,UNIX Domain Socket的地址是一个socket类型的文件在文件系统中的路径,如果这个路径不存在的话,连接的时候就会失败。

上面提示的错误原因是”Can’t connect to local MySQL server through socket ‘/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock’ (2)”,

从字面意思上来看,是说无法通过’/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock’这个socket来连接本地的mysql sever,这时候问题基本就比较明显了,

应该是mysql配置的本地连接的socket不是’/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock’这个路径的原因。

解决方案:

(1)在python MySQLdb连接的时候,指定所用的unix_socket

db = MySQLdb.connect(host='localhost',
                     port=3306,
                     user='root',
                     passwd='root',
                     db='mydb',
                     unix_socket='/tmp/mysql.sock')

(2)修改本地mysql server的UNIX Domain Socket

# The following options will be passed to all MySQL clients
[client]
#password       = your_password
port            = 3306
socket          = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

# The MySQL server
[mysqld]
bind-address = your ip
port            = 3306
socket          = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

(3)修改本地mysql server支持远程访问(具体见参考文献(2)),采用普通socket进行连接

db = MySQLdb.connect(host=’your ip’,
port=3306,
user=’root’,
passwd=’root’,
db=’mysite’)

参考